后一修订版 | 前一修订版 | ||
2020-2021:teams:wangzai_milk:codeforce_1392部分题解 [2020/09/03 18:56] infinity37 创建 |
2020-2021:teams:wangzai_milk:codeforce_1392部分题解 [2020/09/03 19:34] (当前版本) infinity37 [1392H] |
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===== codeforces1392部分题解 ===== | ===== codeforces1392部分题解 ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== 1392E ==== | ||
+ | ===题意=== | ||
+ | 交互题,给出一个$n\times n$的地图,一个人从$(1,1)$走到$(n,n)$,只能往右或者往下走,现在你可以给每个格子赋值,有q组询问,每组询问给出路程权值和,问走过的路径。 | ||
+ | ===题解=== | ||
+ | 因为$n$很小,可以考虑二进制构造地图,同一行相邻成2,同一列相邻乘4即可。那么对于一个路程权值和,如果二进制是一段连续的1,那么他现在在向右走,如果出现了0就向下走。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===代码=== | ||
+ | <hidden><code c++> | ||
+ | #include <bits/stdc++.h> | ||
+ | using namespace std; | ||
+ | typedef long long ll; | ||
+ | ll a[30][30]; | ||
+ | int main() { | ||
+ | int n,q; | ||
+ | scanf("%d",&n); | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) | ||
+ | for (int j = 1;j<= n;j++) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | if (i&1)printf("0%c",j==n?'\n':' '); | ||
+ | else printf("%lld%c",1ll << (i+j-3),j==n?'\n':' '); | ||
+ | fflush(stdout); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | scanf("%d",&q); | ||
+ | ll k; | ||
+ | while (q--) { | ||
+ | scanf("%lld",&k); | ||
+ | printf("1 1\n"); | ||
+ | int x,y; | ||
+ | x = 1;y = 1; | ||
+ | fflush(stdout); | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i <= 2*n-3;i++) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | if (k & (1ll<<i)) { | ||
+ | if (x&1)x++; | ||
+ | else y++; | ||
+ | } else { | ||
+ | if (x&1)y++; | ||
+ | else x++; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | printf("%d %d\n",x,y); | ||
+ | fflush(stdout); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | return 0; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | |||
+ | </code></hidden> | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | ==== 1392F ==== | ||
+ | ===题意=== | ||
+ | 给一个单调递增的数组,如果相邻两个元素$a_i<a_{i+1}+1$,那么就令$a_i$加一,令$a_{i+1}$减一。问最后状态如何。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===题解=== | ||
+ | 可以确定的是最后的状态一定是相邻相差一,最多有一对相邻是相等的值。于是我们只需要求和然后直接模拟即可。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===代码=== | ||
+ | <hidden><code c++> | ||
+ | #include <bits/stdc++.h> | ||
+ | using namespace std; | ||
+ | typedef long long ll; | ||
+ | const int N = 1e6+5; | ||
+ | ll h[N]; | ||
+ | struct Node { | ||
+ | ll x,y; | ||
+ | }; | ||
+ | vector<Node> vec; | ||
+ | int main() { | ||
+ | int n; | ||
+ | scanf("%d",&n); | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | scanf("%lld",&h[i]); | ||
+ | h[i]-=i; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | vec.push_back({h[1],1}); | ||
+ | for (int i = 2;i<= n;i++) { | ||
+ | if (h[i] < vec.back().x) { | ||
+ | vec.push_back({h[i],i}); | ||
+ | continue; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | if (h[i] == vec.back().x) continue; | ||
+ | while (vec.size() > 1 && h[i]-vec.back().x > i - vec.back().y) { | ||
+ | h[i]-=i-vec.back().y; | ||
+ | vec.pop_back(); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | if (vec.size() == 1) { | ||
+ | ll tmp = (h[i] - vec.back().x) / i; | ||
+ | h[i] -= tmp*(i-1); | ||
+ | vec.back().x += tmp; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | if (h[i] == vec.back().x) continue; | ||
+ | ll d = h[i] - vec.back().x; | ||
+ | Node tmpk = vec.back(); | ||
+ | if (vec.size() == 1) | ||
+ | vec.back().x++; | ||
+ | else | ||
+ | vec.pop_back(); | ||
+ | vec.push_back({tmpk.x,tmpk.y + d}); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | vec.push_back({0,n*10}); | ||
+ | int p = 0; | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) { | ||
+ | if (vec[p+1].y == i)p++; | ||
+ | printf("%lld ",vec[p].x+i); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | printf("\n"); | ||
+ | return 0; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code></hidden> | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | ==== 1392G ==== | ||
+ | ===题意=== | ||
+ | 有$k$个位置,每个位置可以放0或1,有$n$个人,第$i$个人可以把$a_i$位置和$b_i$位置交换一次。给出初始位置的01和最终位置的01,要选一段人使得操作后位置相同个数最大。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===题解=== | ||
+ | 考虑这个序列,其实交换$(l,r)$相对于对初始序列的$(1,l-1)$和最终序列的$(1,r)$做反向交换然后互相比较。预处理好然后计算更新答案就行。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===代码=== | ||
+ | <hidden><code c++> | ||
+ | #include <bits/stdc++.h> | ||
+ | using namespace std; | ||
+ | typedef long long ll; | ||
+ | const int N = 2e6+5; | ||
+ | const int inf = 1e9; | ||
+ | int a[N],b[N],p[30],L[N],R[N]; | ||
+ | string ss,tt,s[N],t[N]; | ||
+ | int calc(string str) { | ||
+ | int ans = 0; | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i <= str.size()-1;i++) | ||
+ | if (str[i]=='1')ans |= (1 << i); | ||
+ | return ans; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | int getone(int x) { | ||
+ | int cnt = 0; | ||
+ | while (x) { | ||
+ | if (x&1)cnt++; | ||
+ | x>>=1; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | return cnt; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | int main() { | ||
+ | int n,m,k; | ||
+ | scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k); | ||
+ | cin >> ss >> tt; | ||
+ | s[0] = ss; | ||
+ | t[0] = tt; | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) | ||
+ | scanf("%d%d",&a[i],&b[i]),a[i]--,b[i]--; | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i<= k;i++)p[i] = i; | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i < (1<< k);i++) | ||
+ | L[i] = inf,R[i] = -inf; | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) { | ||
+ | s[i] = t[i] = string(k,'0'); | ||
+ | swap(p[a[i]],p[b[i]]); | ||
+ | for (int j = 0;j < k;j++) { | ||
+ | s[i][p[j]] = ss[j]; | ||
+ | t[i][p[j]] = tt[j]; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i<= n;i++) { | ||
+ | L[calc(s[i])] = min(L[calc(s[i])],i); | ||
+ | R[calc(t[i])] = max(R[calc(t[i])],i); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | for (int i = (1<<k)-1;i >= 0;i--) | ||
+ | for (int j = 0;j < k;j++) | ||
+ | if ((1<<j)&i) { | ||
+ | L[i^(1<<j)] = min(L[i^(1<<j)],L[i]); | ||
+ | R[i^(1<<j)] = max(R[i^(1<<j)],R[i]); | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | int ans = 0,l = 1,r = 1; | ||
+ | for (int i = 0;i < (1<<k);i++) | ||
+ | if (R[i]-L[i]>=m && getone(i)>ans) { | ||
+ | ans = getone(i); | ||
+ | l = L[i]+1,r = R[i]; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | printf("%d \n%d %d",k+2*ans-count(ss.begin(),ss.end(),'1')-count(tt.begin(),tt.end(),'1'),l,r); | ||
+ | return 0; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code></hidden> | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | ==== 1392H ==== | ||
+ | ===题意=== | ||
+ | 给你$n$张数字牌和$m-n$张特殊牌河一个数字集合。进行如下操作: | ||
+ | |||
+ | 拿出最上面的那张卡片,如果卡片是数字牌,那么把这个数字放进集合。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 其他情况下把所有卡片重新打乱。检验集合是否包含了所有数字,如果包含了结束游戏。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 问期望操作次数。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===题解=== | ||
+ | 期望操作次数是期望游戏轮数乘以期望每一轮次数。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 可以发现如果在游戏中摸到特殊牌那么一轮就会结束,那么我们算出所有排列中第一张特殊牌之前的牌数,然后+1除以排列数目就是每轮游戏操作次数的期望。这个的答案是$\frac{n}{m+1}+1$。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 然后另一个部分则是$m\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{1}{i}+1$,最终答案就是这两者相乘。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===代码=== | ||
+ | <hidden><code c++> | ||
+ | #include <bits/stdc++.h> | ||
+ | using namespace std; | ||
+ | typedef long long ll; | ||
+ | const int mod = 998244353; | ||
+ | ll quick_pow(ll x,ll y) { | ||
+ | ll ans = 1; | ||
+ | while (y) { | ||
+ | if (y&1) ans = ans*x%mod; | ||
+ | x = x*x%mod; | ||
+ | y >>= 1; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | return ans; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | int main() { | ||
+ | int n,m; | ||
+ | scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); | ||
+ | ll ans1 = (1ll*n*quick_pow(m+1,mod-2)%mod+1)%mod; | ||
+ | ll ans2 = 0; | ||
+ | for (int i = 1;i<= n;i++) | ||
+ | ans2 = (ans2+quick_pow(i,mod-2))%mod; | ||
+ | ans2 = (ans2*m+1)%mod; | ||
+ | printf("%lld\n",ans1*ans2%mod); | ||
+ | return 0; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </code></hidden> | ||
+ | \\ |